Risk Factors of Hyperemesis Gravidarum: Review Article

Authore(s) : Abanoub Gabra || Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyAssuit UniversityEgypt.

Volume : (13), Issue : 205, February - 2018

Abstract :

Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is the most severe form of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP). It is diagnosed clinically by its typical clinical picture and exclusion of other causes of nausea and vomiting in the pregnant  woman.  Nausea  and  vomiting are  a  common experience affecting 50% to 90% of all women. It is the most  common  indication for  hospitalization during  the first half of pregnancy. HG occurs in only about 0.5 to 2% of cases but when it occurs, it may be associated with morbidity of both mother and fetus. There are many risk factors related to HG, but we are still in need of adequate clinical research methodology and design for reporting these associations. In this article, we will discuss them and review epidemiological studies and statistics that support them. HG is found to be common in young aged mothers. There is a debate between studies regarding ethnicity  as  a  risk  factor.  Low socio-economic  level  is found to be associated with HG. Dietary factors are considered in Indians who are mostly vegan and Asians who are mostly lactose intolerant. Deficiencies of trace elements are associated with more progression of the disease. Women affected by NVP are mostly nonsmoker. Molar pregnancy, multiple pregnancies, fetus with Down syndrome and primigravidity are common obstetric risk factors.  Studies  theorize  relation  between hyperthyroidism and HG based on structural similarity between hCG and TSH but more studies are needed to highlight  this  relation. Mood  and  anxiety  disorders  are associated with the disease but causal relation has not been established yet. GERD, peptic ulcer disease and specifically H.  pylori  infection  are  among  common  risk factors. Asthma is associated with prolonged duration of hospitalization. Strong  positive  family  history  of  HG  in patients highlights genetic predisposition of this disease.

Keywords: Hyperemesis; Disease; Health.

Article: Download PDF Journal DOI : 301/704

Cite This Article:

Article No : 10059

Number of Downloads : 106

References :

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